Recycle Utah

Nonprofit Summit County, Utah Recycling Center

chelsea@recycleutah.org

The Environmental Burden of Balloons

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When I was little, I remember stepping out of a birthday party with my balloon. It slipped out of my hand and floated away, never to return. I now know that this mistake could have deadly consequences for marine life and ecosystems. Balloons have become a prominent symbol of the culture of celebration. However, most people don’t think about the fact that any time a balloon escapes into the sky, it can lead to many unintended consequences for marine life.

Pollution from balloons actually accounts for some of the ocean’s deadliest trash. Balloons (including latex and mylar balloons) take a long time to break down in the ocean, contributing to plastic pollution. As balloons gradually break down they turn into smaller pieces of colorful plastic that resemble food for marine life; the digested plastic has detrimental effects on the digestive system. Statistics show that ingestion of soft plastics (for example: balloons) often does more bodily damage than hard plastics in marine animals, although both are a critical problem. Over many years, balloons can eventually break down into microplastics, which can build up in marine animals, some of which are eventually eaten by humans. Additionally, the strings of balloons are capable of entangling and suffocating or drowning marine animals. It is estimated that over 100,000 marine animals die annually because of plastic pollution.

So what can we do about this issue? The most straightforward and effective action is to stop using balloons and supplement them for other decorations and materials. Try using bubbles, biodegradable confetti, or even natural materials like rocks, shells, and leaves for creative crafts and decorations. While it may be fun to celebrate with balloons, the long-term environmental effects outweigh the benefits.

By Grayson Rae

Return to Raking!

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When thinking about climate change, it sometimes feels like many of the solutions are out of the hands of individuals and rest solely in the hands of governments and large corporations. However, many of the actions we must take to curb climate change start in our homes – and our yards. Gas-powered leaf blowers, for example, have emerged as a symbol of environmental degradation and public health risks, and some people have begun to speak up.

Each fall, Park City lights up with red, orange, and yellow as the leaves change on our oaks and aspens. And each fall, as these leaves float to the ground, people bring out their gas-powered leaf blowers. The noise from these dystopian gas guzzlers disrupt the tranquility of fall, but their impact extends far past noise pollution. Unlike modern cars, most leaf blowers still have two-stroke engines, which spew unburned fuel into the air. Some leaf blowers can emit more pollutants in half an hour than a cross-country trip in a gas-guzzling truck.

The noise pollution from leaf blowers is equally concerning. People and animals are disturbed by the low-frequency roar of leaf blowers. Prolonged exposure to the noise and emissions from these machines can lead to hearing loss, asthma, and heart disease. Not surprisingly, this disproportionately affects low-wage workers who spend more time operating leaf blowers.

Some progress is underway. Across the country, over 100 US cities have banned gas-powered leaf blowers. Salt Lake City is offering residents up to $500 for switching their gas-powered lawn equipment, including leaf blowers, lawn mowers, and weed whackers, to electric alternatives. This is a critical step in improving air quality in the valley. Winter Park commissioners have also proposed a voter referendum for a ban on gas-powered leaf blowers.

Still, in Park City the action lies in the hands of residents and landscapers. Developments continue to be made in battery technologies, offering viable alternatives to gas-powered leaf blowers. The initial cost of these electric leaf blowers may be higher, but when considering the benefits to air quality and improved public health, these costs make the decision straightforward.

Gas-powered leaf blowers may seem trivial in the grand scheme of global climate change, but their impact is profound. By regulating and ultimately banning them from our neighborhoods, we can foster a quieter, healthier environment while making meaningful strides in the fight against climate change.

By Chelsea Hafer

Pack and Act Green on Your Vacation

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When planning a more sustainable vacation, your choices extend past your transportation options; there are things you can do throughout every leg of your trip to make your vacation greener. Consider visiting more than one destination when traveling – combining trips saves fuel

and reduces carbon emissions. In their 2023 Sustainable Travel Report, Booking.com found that more than 75% of respondents want to make their vacations sustainable. However, almost 50% said barriers include the higher cost and perceived lack of sustainable options, and uncertainty of where to search for environmental and social equity stewardship opportunities. Sustainable travel doesn’t have to be hard! Here are a few tips to make your trip more green.

  • Bring a sturdy water bottle. At the airport, make sure it’s empty as you go through TSA, then fill it at a drinking fountain.
  • Bring wired headphones to use with airline entertainment systems so you won’t need to use new disposable ones.
  • Bring your reusable shopping bags.
  • Pack shampoo and soap bars in small reusable containers.
  • Purchase sunscreen that doesn’t contain chemicals that harm water and coral quality. Research shows regular commercial sunscreens can bleach coral.
  • Pack common reusable items like cutlery, small containers, cloth napkins, and snack bags.
  • Pack light—leave the extra weight at home and you’ll travel easier and with better fuel efficiency.

Your eco-friendly behaviors travel with you! Turn off lights, and turn down heat and air-conditioning when you leave your lodging. Refuse styrofoam cups and plates and use your own reusable ones instead. Find and use recycling bins to dispose of plastic and paper items. At restaurants, skip the glass of water that’s offered unless you want it, and be aware of your food waste. Ask if you can share a serving, or order a variety of items and you’ll get to try more local dishes.

When it comes to activities, consider renting bikes to travel locally and look for local walking tours instead of riding a tour bus. Public transit is also a great way to explore a new city! Visit protected lands and waterways. Stay on trails, and observe – not interact with – wildlife. If you think to carry a bag to pick up litter, visitors can enjoy cleaner and more beautiful sites and reduce pollution. Educate others about your top eco-friendly travel tips! This includes letting managers in resort businesses know what they can do to increase the sustainability of their operations. Let them know that doing so will increase customer satisfaction. Even when you’re out of town, you can have an impact spreading sustainable tourism wherever you are!

By Bev Harrison

The Environmental Toll of Tire Emissions

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Alarm surrounding the air quality and climate effects of tailpipe emissions have led to a recent focus on electrifying our transportation. However, recent research has revealed that tailpipe emissions may be little cause for concern when compared to the emissions that come from our tires. After noticing an increase in salmon fatalities during rainfall, researchers discovered the culprit: a chemical compound known as 6PPD, which is added to tires to prevent cracking. This compound, along with the 400 other chemicals and compounds in tires, has devastating effects on our environment.

Tires are full of heavy metals, chemicals, and synthetic and natural rubber materials. It is estimated that over ¾ of microplastics in the ocean are microrubbers from tires. With billions of tires sold every year, it makes sense that the fragments shed with each rotation of a tire would create a large impact on the environment. It is estimated that tires generate up to 6 million tons of microrubbers a year worldwide. And because of their heavier weight, electric vehicles – although they don’t contribute tailpipe emissions – produce 20% more tire emissions than fossil-fuel powered vehicles.

Some microrubbers – small enough to be classified as nanorubbers – are so tiny that they can cross our brain-blood barrier when inhaled or ingested. The effects of nanorubbers on our bodies is still being researched, but some evidence shows that nanorubbers can cause developmental, heart, lung, and reproductive problems. In oceans, the ingestion of microrubbers by marine life can also have severe consequences.

Environmental groups, indigenous communities, and even the California Environmental Protection Agency are speaking up about the danger of tire emissions. Some companies are looking into more natural alternatives to the chemical compounds in tires, including rubber from dandelions or soy oil. A potential solution for mitigating tire pollution is rain gardens; studies have shown that rain gardens can capture almost all rubber fragments from stormwater.

So what can you do? It may seem hopeless, with the fight to lower tailpipe emissions just taking off, and this new emissions culprit just being discovered. We can start by driving less; taking the bus or carpooling, and walking or biking whenever possible to decrease your mileage. You can also get involved by spreading the word about tire emissions, as many people are unaware of the dangers they cause to us and our environment. Just like the fight to reduce our tailpipe emissions, we need to spread awareness in order to make change and create a better, safer world. This Green Tip sourced information from “Road Hazard: Evidence Mounts on Toxic Pollution from Tires” from Yale Environment 360.

https://e360.yale.edu/features/tire-pollution-toxic-chemicals#:~:text=Recent%20studies%20show%20that%20the,have%20significantly%20reduced%20those%20emissions

By Chelsea Hafer

How to Compost at Home

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With the snow melting, now is a great time to start thinking about starting your own backyard compost pile! While composting can seem daunting, it is actually a straightforward process that can help save landfill space, keep harmful methane emissions out of our climate, and help your soil by providing essential nutrients. Composting, at its essence, is the process of combining carbon-based materials with nitrogen-based materials, along with water and oxygen, to support microbial decomposition. This breakdown produces a nutrient-rich compost that strengthens soil and supports thriving gardens. The beauty of composting lies in its ability to provide natural recycling, converting kitchen scraps and yard waste into valuable resources for sustainable gardening.

To start composting, you’ll need a few supplies: a containment structure (such as wire fencing or pallets), a mix of carbon and nitrogen materials, water for moisture regulation, a compost thermometer for temperature monitoring, and basic tools like a shovel and pitchfork. With these tools, you’ll be ready to create a compost pile in your backyard, contributing to healthier soil and more abundant harvests. Your structure should be about 3 feet in diameter and height. Start by layering a brown carbon-rich layer – things like yard waste, newspaper, and grass clippings. Then you can start layering in green layers, nitrogen-rich materials like food waste. Avoid putting citrus, dairy, onions and garlic, meat, oil, and animal waste in your compost. You’ll want to maintain a ratio of about 2 parts brown material to one part green material. You can also add in a layer of existing compost when starting your pile to kickstart the microbial decomposition.

To maintain your compost pile, you’ll just need to make sure the compost has enough oxygen and moisture. Two to four days after starting your compost, it should reach the ideal temperature of 100-140 degrees Fahrenheit – you can check the temperature with a thermometer. You should turn your compost pile with a rake after a few days. The more often you turn your compost pile, the faster it will break down. Try to maintain that ideal temperature and moisture. You can squeeze a handful of compost to check the moisture content. It shouldn’t be soggy, but if it’s too dry, you can add a bit of water. Your pile can break down in as soon as 18 days if you maintain it regularly by turning it. Once you have a rich, dark brown, fully processed compost material, you can add it to your garden!

If you’re interested in learning more about composting and going zero waste, Recycle Utah and Summit Community Gardens/EATS are hosting a Zero Waste and Composting workshop on May 30 at 5:30 pm at Summit Community Gardens. The event is free and will cover how to compost, recycling education, and zero waste tips.

By Chelsea Hafer

Green Start Your Vacation

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Are you vacation planning? Wherever you go, don’t forget to bring along the great eco-friendly behaviors you’ve incorporated into your daily life—those that reduce your waste and use of natural resources and protect the environment. These practices are just as important to the people and places you visit as they are in your home community.

When choosing your vacation destination, how far are you going? Driving there by car – especially a hybrid or EV – emits far less carbon than a jet, and cruise ships can emit 3-4 times more carbon than jets. If you fly, try to book direct flights, since 50% of jet emissions happen during takeoff and landing. Think about traveling by train. This is the most ecologically-friendly way to travel, with 50-75% lower per-person carbon emissions than driving or flying as reported by Amtrak and Eurail.

So what are your sustainable vacation destination options?

  • Nothing has lower carbon emissions than a staycation. When it comes to staying home, Summit and Wasatch counties are quite fine vacation options. Instead of waiting for guests to see local “destination-caliber” sites, visit them on less busy, less expensive weekdays on your staycation. Check out https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/states/utah/ and subscribe to their excellent free newsletter. You will have more choices than days of vacation.
  • Research locations that publicize their efforts to provide a greener, cleaner environment and quality of life for their inhabitants. Are there agencies dedicated to providing sustainable services? Are natural and cultural sites well-protected? Some locations receive certifications and awards for their sustainability pledges. For example, each year the European Commission awards a European city the Green Capital and Green Leaf Award.
  • Choose to spend time at “second city and park” locations instead of joining the mass of tourists in a vacation hotspot. This way, you can still visit major attractions without contributing as much to over-tourism and pollution. Camp at lesser known state parks and national forest campgrounds and visit a popular national park for the day.
  • Stay in a town or village near a major attraction. You’ll experience a more authentically local visit and contribute to a smaller economy.
  • Visit locations off-peak when energy and natural resource demands are less. You’ll stimulate local economic growth and provide additional work hours for otherwise seasonally-employed workers.

By Bev Harrison